Tech Stack Benchmark and Justification
======================================

This document provides a comparative study and justification for the chosen tech stack for a project aimed at creating an app (web and mobile) for automation via connection services. The app will provide triggers and actions that users can combine. The chosen stack includes:

- **Web**: Vite + React + TypeScript
- **Mobile**: Flutter
- **Server**: Go
- **Database**: MariaDB

Below is the detailed analysis of the stack and comparisons with alternatives.

Web: Vite + React + TypeScript
------------------------------
**Justification**:

.. list-table::

- **React**:
    .. list-table::

  - **Mature Ecosystem**: A well-established library with vast community support, making development fast and reliable.
  - **Declarative UI**: Simplifies the creation of dynamic, interactive user interfaces.
  - **Component Reusability**: Promotes modular and maintainable code.

- **Vite**:
    .. list-table::

  - **Fast Development**: Extremely fast build and hot module replacement (HMR) compared to alternatives like Webpack.
  - **Optimized Builds**: Produces smaller and faster production builds.

- **TypeScript**:
    .. list-table::

  - **Type Safety**: Reduces runtime errors and enhances code maintainability.
  - **Better Tooling**: Superior editor autocompletion and refactoring support.

**Comparisons**:

.. list-table::
   :header-rows: 1

   * - **Tech**
     - **React**
     - **Vue**
     - **Angular**
   * - Learning Curve
     - Null
     - Easy
     - Steep
   * - Performance
     - Fast
     - Comparable to React
     - Slower for large apps
   * - Ecosystem
     - Extensive
     - Growing but smaller
     - Complete framework

.. list-table::
   :header-rows: 1

   * - **Build Tool**
     - **Vite**
     - **Webpack**
     - **Parcel**
   * - Speed
     - Fastest
     - Slow
     - Moderate
   * - Simplicity
     - Simple
     - Complex
     - Simple

**Conclusion**:
React, Vite, and TypeScript combine speed, maintainability, and a robust ecosystem, outperforming alternatives for this web project.

Mobile: Flutter
----------------
**Justification**:

.. list-table::

- **Single Codebase**: Write once, deploy to Android, iOS, and web.
- **Performance**: Near-native performance due to Dart compiling to native machine code.
- **Customizable UI**: Powerful widgets for designing complex UIs.
- **Fast Development**: Hot reload and an extensive library of plugins.
- **Comprehensive Documentation**: Detailed and well-maintained documentation, making it easy to learn and use.
- **Familiarity**: Already comfortable with the technology, speeding up development and reducing the learning curve.

**Comparisons**:

.. list-table::
   :header-rows: 1

   * - **Tech**
     - **Flutter**
     - **React Native**
     - **Swift/Kotlin**
   * - Code Reuse
     - High
     - High
     - None
   * - Performance
     - Near-native
     - Moderate (JS bridge)
     - Native
   * - UI Flexibility
     - Highly Customizable
     - Limited
     - Native-specific

**Conclusion**:
Flutter’s cross-platform capabilities, performance and comprehensive widget library make it ideal for quickly developing a polished mobile app.

Server: Go
-----------
**Justification**:

.. list-table::

- **Performance**: Compiles to native machine code, offering fast execution and low resource usage.
- **Scalability**: Excellent concurrency model using goroutines and channels.
- **Minimalistic**: Clean syntax and reduced dependencies compared to verbose frameworks.

**Comparison with Alternatives**:

.. list-table::
   :header-rows: 1

   * - **Tech**
     - **Go**
     - **NestJS (TypeScript)**
     - **Flask (Python)**
   * - Performance
     - High
     - Moderate
     - Low
   * - Scalability
     - Excellent
     - Good
     - Poor
   * - Learning Curve
     - Moderate
     - Easy
     - Easy
   * - Ecosystem
     - Moderate
     - Mature
     - Mature

- **NestJS**: Strong for projects already using TypeScript but adds framework overhead.
- **Flask**: Lightweight but lacks built-in scalability and performance for heavy tasks.

**Conclusion**:
Go’s high performance and concurrency handling make it a better choice for a scalable automation service backend.

ORM Server: Gorm
-----------------
**Justification**:

.. list-table::

- **User-friendly**: Easy to learn and use
- **Flexibility**: Supports auto migration and complex queries
- **Large Community**: Extensive resources and support

**Comparison with Alternatives**:

.. list-table::
    :header-rows: 1

    * - **Pros/Cons**
      - **Pros**
      - **Cons**
    * - GORM
      - User-friendly

        Flexible

        Large community

      - A bit less performant than some alternatives

    * - EntGo
      - Strongly typed

        Can handle complex type

      - Long compile times

        Hard learning curve

    * - SQLx
      - Strongly typed
      - Raw SQL

Database: MariaDB
-----------------
**Justification**:

.. list-table::

- **Relational Structure**: Supports complex queries and ensures data consistency, ideal for user workflows and triggers.
- **Performance**: Optimized for high transaction rates with multi-threading and memory improvements.
- **Compatibility**: Drop-in replacement for MySQL with a large community and ecosystem.

**Comparisons**:

.. list-table::
   :header-rows: 1

   * - **Database**
     - **MariaDB**
     - **MongoDB**
     - **PostgreSQL**
   * - Schema
     - Relational (Strict Schema)
     - NoSQL (Schema-free)
     - Relational (Flexible)
   * - Scalability
     - High
     - High
     - Slightly less than mariadb
   * - Querying
     - SQL
     - JSON/BSON
     - Advanced SQL

- **MongoDB**: Better for schema-less, document-based storage but less suited for relational data.
- **PostgreSQL**: Advanced features but overkill for simple relational use cases.

**Conclusion**:
MariaDB balances simplicity, performance, and compatibility, fitting the automation app’s needs.

Overall Synergy
---------------
The selected tech stack optimizes for:

.. list-table::

- **Performance**: Go and Flutter ensure fast server and mobile app execution.
- **Scalability**: Go and MariaDB handle high concurrency and transaction rates.
- **Developer Experience**: React, Vite, and TypeScript streamline web development.
- **Cross-Platform Reach**: Flutter enables rapid multi-platform deployment.

This stack effectively balances development speed, scalability, and maintainability while outperforming alternatives for this automation-focused app.